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Coffee Genome was Sequenced, What Secrets does It Hide?

September 5, 2014 By Jack M. Robinson Leave a Comment

A while back we reported on the smallest recorded genome and now it’s time we took a look at some more awesome news about genetics. A study published yesterday revealed that the coffee genome was sequenced which only means that we can learn how coffee gets to be so addictive and yummy.

Coffee Genome was Sequenced

Coffee Genome Sequenced

A team of international scientists has managed to sequence coffee’s genome and the results of the study were published in the journal Science, today September 4. Now that the coffee genome was sequenced, we may begin to understand coffee’s secrets.

Robusta coffee makes up for 30% of the supply of coffee in the world and its genome was sequenced by Victor Albert (the Department of Biological Sciences at the University at Buffalo in NY) and his colleagues.

The results of the sequencing have revealed that the genes in the coffee plant that produce caffeine are different from those that produce it in other plants, such as cacao and tea. It appears that coffee and chocolate have a common ancestor, but that they’ve been separated a very long time ago.

The lead author of the study wrote in the journal:

Comparative analyses of caffeine NMTs demonstrate that these genes expanded through sequential tandem duplications independently of genes from cacao and tea, suggesting that caffeine in eudicots is of polyphyletic origin.

So what exactly makes coffee taste so good? Albert explains:

Our study highlighted genes that make alkaloid compounds, which are known bitter flavors,” Albert said. “We found another group of enriched enzymes that make flavonoid compounds, which are another taste element. We also highlighted the genes involved in fatty acid pathways, so we’ve identified many different genetic aspects of aroma and flavor.

Share your thoughts with us on this story in the comment section below.

Filed Under: Science Tagged With: Coffee, genome, science

Drinking coffee may slow down brain development in teens, says study

September 25, 2013 By Janet Vasquez Leave a Comment

The scientists have cautioned teens from drinking coffee.  Coffee drinking has emerged as a debatable subject in the recent past with many studies highlighting its adverse effect in humans.

A new study on mice suggests, drinking three to four cups of coffee per day may delay brain development in teenagers

Researchers at the University Children’s Hospital Zurich found when pubescent rats were administered caffeine, the maturing processes in their brains delayed.

The scientists say, both in humans and in rats, the duration and intensity of deep sleep as well as the number of synapses or connections in the brain increase during childhood, reaching their highest level during puberty and dropping again in adult age.

coffee
“The brain of children is extremely plastic due to the many connections,” said lead author Reto Huber.

When the brain then begins to mature during puberty, a large number of these connections are lost, he adds.

Huber’s group of researchers administered moderate quantities of caffeine to
The 30-day-old rodents were administered with caffeine equating to three to four cups of coffee per day in humans for over five days. The scientists measured the electrical current generated by their brains. This process resulted in reduced deep sleep and a delayed brain development.

The deep sleep periods, which are characterized by slow waves, were reduced from day 31 until day 42, i.e. well beyond the end of administering caffeine.

Filed Under: Health Tagged With: brain development, brain development in teens, Coffee, coffee benefits, coffee drinking, teenagers brain development

Too Much Coffee Drinking Increases Death Rates: Study

August 20, 2013 By Jack M. Robinson Leave a Comment

A new study conducted by researchers in the US says drinking four cups of coffee a day may increase the risk of dying in people below the age group of 55. Earlier, several reports suggested drinking of coffee may result in some health benefits in most people like fighting depression in women and lowering the risk of prostate cancer and stroke. Well, the debate continues to brew.

The study was conducted on 43,727 men and women between the age group of 20 and 87 from 1971 to 2002. Its report was published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings journal which says younger men below the age of 55 years who drank 28 cups of coffee a week were more likely, by 56 percent, to die from any cause. The report adds that the risk increases by twofold for women in the same age group if they drink coffee in the same quantity or more.

Co-author of the study and assistant professor of exercise science with the Arnold School of Public Health at the University of South Carolina, Xuemei Sui said, “From our study, it seems safe to drink one to three cups of coffee a day… Drinking more than four cups of coffee a day may endanger health.” A cup of coffee as per Sui is 6 to 8 ounces.

Too Much Coffee Drinking Increases Death Rates

Sui added, the study of her team failed to find any significant link between heart disease death and coffee consumption, and also further research is to be made to find association between cancer and coffee.

Gregg Fonarow, co-chief of clinical cardiology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, says, “Differences in other dietary factors, marital status and other socioeconomic factors that were not adjusted for in this study may account for some or all of these observations.”

The study also found people who drank coffees more than 8 ounces, or larger amounts liked to smoke more and hence had less healthy hearts and lungs. In this regard Sui says as more research is to be done in this segment so it is advised to avoid drinking excessive coffee.

Filed Under: Health Tagged With: Coffee, death, heart attack, heart disease

Coffee Lovers who Consume Over 28 Cups a Week are Prone to Cardiac Arrest

August 16, 2013 By Janet Vasquez Leave a Comment

If you are among those people who drink more than 4 cups of coffee every day then there is a chance that you may be at risk of fatal diseases. According to a new study, drinking more than 28 cups of coffee a week may be harmful for people between the age group 20-55.

In the United States, more than 60 percent of adults consume over three cups of coffee daily on an average, according to the National Coffee Association.

The study, which was published on August 15 in Mayo Clinic Proceedings, tracked nearly 44,000 people aged 20 to 87 for an average of about 16 years between 1971 and 2002. About three-quarters were men.

coffee1

During the period, 2,512 people died from all causes. After adjusting their statistics for factors such as smoking and fitness, the researchers found that those who drank more than 28 cups of coffee a week were 21 percent more likely to have died. The risk was 50 percent higher in men and women younger than 55. Men in the same age bracket were less at risk than women, but still had a 1.5 times higher risk of death than moderate drinkers. The study however, failed to speak more about the health hazards of coffee intake in older people who were above 55.

“From the study, it seems drinking one to three cups of coffee a day is dafe,” says the study’s second co-author Xuemei Sui. “Drinking more than four cups of coffee a day may endanger health,” Sui added.

The study says that the caffeine in coffee can elevate heart rate resulting in heart disorders like arrhythmia which may lead to myocardial infaction or more commonly called as heart attack.

It can also result in raise of blood pressure and blood sugar levels. However, the study didn’t find a significant association between coffee consumption and heart problems or cardiac arrest.

Gregg Fonarow, co-chief of clinical cardiology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, says, “Differences in other dietary factors, marital status and other socioeconomic factors that were not considered in the study may account for some deaths.”

As earlier researches suggested that moderate amounts of coffee have some health benefits, such a sparkling revelation needs a depth analysis as the study left many questions unanswered. According to the researchers, it’s possible that coffee might contribute to cancer, but researchers can’t confirm that unless they dig deeper to see what killed participants in the study. It’s also possible that certain genetic factors put heavy coffee drinkers at greater risk, the study suggests.

Filed Under: Health Tagged With: Coffee, Heart, heart problems

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