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Agriculture Was Developed By Several Stone Age Tribes

July 16, 2016 By Sebastian Mc’Mannen 1 Comment

Agriculture was developed in the stone age through information exchange

Archaeologists find agriculture was too complex to have been developed by one tribe.

STATES CHRONICLE – New archaeological findings are showing that previous theories in regards to how agriculture developed are wrong. The theories believed that agriculture had been discovered by a single Stone Age tribe of hunter-gatherers in the Middle East. The tribe expanded and its members migrated to Europe, Asia, and Africa, where they shared the knowledge.

  • The new findings suggest that agriculture had been in fact developed by several tribes much earlier than initially thought;
  • The tribes may have exchanged their different agricultural knowledge and techniques;
  • The findings are considered to have a huge impact on the current perception of ancient history.

Archaeological Agriculture

Archaeologists uncovered a new discovery in a cave in the Zagros Mountains, near Islamabad in Iran. They have unearthed ancient human remains which do not fit the type of the local population of that time entirely.

Scientists from the United States, Europe, and Iran analyzed the remains. After examining the DNA, the scientists got to the conclusion that they were looking at bone fragments that were nine or ten thousand years old. They belonged to a man who had black hair, brown eyes, and dark skin.

Previously, archaeologists found several other sets of remains in the area of the Zagros Mountains. Scientists used all the found genomes in order to recreate an image of the population who lived so close near the current Iranian capital.

The ten thousand years old tribe resembled people who currently lives in Pakistan and Afghanistan. The Zoroastrian religious community in Iran also has several features that could date back to the ancient genomes.

Scientists were also able to piece together the man’s main diet. They were surprised to find out that the man had partly lived off of cereals. The man could have had access to cereal only by being part of a community who practiced agriculture and cultivated crops.

Before the find, scientists believed that there had only been one tribe of hunter-gatherers who developed agriculture. This tribe would have been located in the geographical areas partly overlapping Greece and Turkey.

Scientists compared the genomes of the people of the Zagros Mountains with the genomes of the tribe initially believed to have been the only developers of agriculture. The results clearly identified two different but neighboring peoples.

Archaeologists calculated that the neighboring tribes had potentially been part of the same population more than 50 thousand years, greatly pre-dating the initial development of agriculture.

Scientists now believe that separate agriculture techniques and procedures could have been developed by different communities and that the information was shared among them.

Image Courtesy of Wikipedia.

Filed Under: Science Tagged With: Agriculture, Archaeology, Greece, Iran, Stone Age, Turkey

Greece Rating Position Increased by Moody’s

August 1, 2014 By Janet Vasquez Leave a Comment

It’s great to see some positive news after a couple of years when news covering the recession were rather bleak. The U.S. faces some serious, even though fragile, signs of economic recovery. Some minimum wages increased while the inflation stays in target.

After many years of continuous struggling, Greece sees the light of day economically speaking. The recession that started in 2008 hit Greece more than most other countries. Right now, Greece still struggles with a debt accounting for around 175 percent of the country’s GDP. Following strikes and popular revolts, the latest conservative government seems to please the rating agencies. Greece rating position increased, Moody’s announced on Friday. From Caa3, Moody’s raised the ratings by two stages up to Caa1.

“The first factor behind the upgrade of Greece’s rating is Moody’s strengthened expectation that the general government debt to GDP ratio will start declining in 2015, after peaking this year according to Moody’s estimates at around 179 percent of (gross domestic product),” the agency said. “Moody’s considers that Greece’s fiscal outlook is more resilient than in the past.”

Greece rating position increased but the country still faces financial problems

Greece was bailed out in 2010 with about $308 billion by the EU and the IMF. But this is not the end for Greece’s problems. Another loan is expected to be contracted in the fall, because the debt level remains too elevated.

Greece Rating Position Increased on Friday

Right now the Greek government has to follow the international lenders’ instructions in order to walk on the safe path. If there was a time for radical solutions, the momentum is lost. More so because Alexis Tsipras, the European Left candidate for the presidency of the EU did not manage to win the elections.

Two other rating agencies, Fitch and Standard&Poor’s, maintain Greece’s credit ratings in the junk area. For Moody’s, politics is interfering with numbers. The rating agency is concerned about the prospect of early elections in Greece. Moody’s refrained from awarding a higher rating to Greece as a consequence.

Jean-Claude Juncker, the conservative president-elect of the European Commission will pay Greece his first visit next week. He will meet Antonio Samaras, the Greek Prime-Minister and fellow conservative to talk about fiscal discipline in the public sector. The money given by the EU and IMF came with strings attached. Greece had to undertake drastic budget cuts which lead to increasing unemployment and overall poverty levels. Greece rating position increased by the notches, although the country has to borrow money again in the fall.

Filed Under: Politics Tagged With: economic crisis, EU, Greece, IMF, Moody's, ratings

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